On July 4th, 1852 he approached what is now the city of Mesa: Following his O'odham guides, he traveled up the Gila River to its confluence with the Salt River and turned east into what is now the Phoenix metropolitan area. While living with the O'odham on the Gila River he learned about the large prehistoric mounds in the Salt River Valley to the north. On this occasion and on later ones I have learned and heard, and at times have seen, that further to the east, north, and west are seven or eight more of these large old houses and the ruins of whole cities, with many broken metates and jars, charcoal, etc."īartlett's drawing of Mesa Grande, view looking east in 1852.įollowing the Mexican War in 1850, John Russell Bartlett was appointed to the United States-Mexican Boundary Survey Commission. Close to this Casa Grande there are thirteen smaller houses, somewhat more dilapidated, and the ruins of many others, which make it evident that in ancient times there had been a city here. "The Casa Grande is a four story building, as large as a castle and equal to the largest church in these lands of Sonora. In 1694, Father Kino visited Casa Grande: He interacted with Akimel O'odham (Pima) and Tohono O'odham (Papago) and other Native American peoples, and left the first descriptions of the remains of Hohokam civilization. He traveled thousands of miles exploring the Gila River region to where the Gila connects with the Salt River. In addition to his duties as a Catholic priest, Father Kino was also an explorer and map-maker. Kino steadily worked his way into present-day Arizona, establishing a circuit of missions that included San Jose de Tumaccori (1691), Los Santos Ãngeles de Guevavi (1691) and San Xavier del Bac (1692). In 1687, the Jesuit Order appointed Father Kino missionary to serve Pimeria Alta Land of the upper Pima.
Born in Italy and educated in Germany, Father Kino arrived in New Spain in 1681 at age 36.
Some of the earliest expeditions skirted the Hohokam area but did not penetrate its heartland (Cabeza de Vaca, 1528-1536 Fray Marcos de Niza, 1539 and Coronado 1540).įather Eusebio Kino was the first European to explore the Hohokam region. Spanish exploration of the Southwest often exemplified feats of great preservation, determination and daring. Coronado's March, by Frederic Remington, 1897.Ĭoronado Discovers Zuni, by Carl Oscar Borg, 1931.
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